Oh....gosh....try doing a reset smc/pmu and zap pram. I presume that after you installed the SSD you enabled TRIM, which is not enabled on all non-Apple SSD's by default. How to do that first part can be found here: yup, it's a link
https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT201295
and 2nd part:
https://support.apple.com/en-ca/HT204063
do you really need to hold down the Shift key as well ??? I though that just Option, Command-R alone would work... You should see a spinning globe and progress bar.....
You might also need a firmware update for that model of MacBook Pro, though how you're gonna get it to install is beyond me or even to check the firmware version....anyways, go here for that info:
https://support.apple.com/en-ca/HT201518
As you are booting (or trying to boot) into the installer, OS X Tools Should still be available to you. As it's trying to boot, move the mouse to the top center of the screen and click. OS X Tools should show up, and from there, you could run Disk Utility and Disk First aid.
other than that, starting up in single user (safe) mode might be helpful to troubleshoot. Reboot, holding down the Shift key only.
otherwise, if you reboot and hold down the D key, you get Apple Diagnostics which runs a basic series of tests on your MacBook Pro
jb