The last upgrade for your 2010 MacBook Pro is macOS High Sierra.
Microsoft follows Apple's three-year sliding window of operating system support for macOS, which means currently, you need a Mac capable of running Catalina, Big Sur, or Monterey in order to install, license, and receive updates for Microsoft 365 or Office 2019/2021 for Mac.
Since Microsoft has disabled the license servers for Office 2011/2016 for Mac, one can no longer install those versions into older installations of macOS without Microsoft blocking the installation, since the products can no longer be licensed.
If you have MS Office documents, you will need a compatible Office replacement suite, and SoftMaker's Office 2021 is supported on macOS Sierra and later, and has an MS Office interface and native document support. Although the free LibreOffice Suite is an MS Office clone and can open/edit/save all of your existing Microsoft documents, its learning curve is steep, even with its comprehensive PDF user guides. The current version of LibreOffice is supported on macOS Sierra and later.