Can an Apple Watch screen protection installation cleaning wipe destroy the texture of the screen?

You should visit an Apple Store or Authorized Apple Service Provider next to your place and let them check your display.

Also have a look what Apple says about cleaning the Apple Watch:

How to clean your Apple Watch - Apple Support

I guess the staff at the Apple Store also cleans the demo devices with a disinfectant from time to time.

So maybe getting it checked at the Genius Bar will give you a more conclusive result.

On my Ultra 2 I can see smudges after wiping my fingertip across the screen, but they can easily be removed with the soft microfiber.

There is no texture to an Apple Watch Ultra screen. It’s glossy and no option for a texture. Apple coats its screens with an >oleophobic< material that helps repel dust, fingerprints, smudges and moisture.

Coatings are soft and do not permeate the crystal. Oils in the skin, skin lotion, sunscreen and alcohol (to name a few) will remove the coating much quicker than normal wear and tear.

In my experience it tends to wear off in 6 months or so. It’s basically a consumable providing only cosmetic protection. Cosmetics are not covered by Apple standard warranty or Apple Care, unless they affect the performance of the device. Fingerprints, smudges etc. do not affect performance.