Why can't my iPhone be tracked when it’s off?
Why iPhone can’t be tracked when it’s off
[Re-Titled by Moderator]
iPhone 6, iOS 12
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Hey there!
Very few functions of your iPhone operate while it is turned off, including the GPS inside your device. Find My requires an active GPS connection to track the iPhone, however Find My will report the last known location of the device before it was turned off where possible.
Head over to Find My - Official Apple Support for more information on Apple's Find My.