How to customize date in Numbers?

Seriously?

If you have a cell set to a Date, right off the bat Numbers gives you fifteen ways to format the date, and 6 ways to format the time, for 90 different ways.



If that's not enough, you can choose Create Custom Format where you can choose any combination or permutation of any date component (month, year, day, date, hour, minute, second, millisecond, AM/PM) with any choice of delimiter or order:

Just drag the date components you want from the list into the Custom Format field.

> Is there a format like 2024 Q1, 2024 Q2 meaning quarters ?

Format? no, but there ways of calculating it.

Given a date in cell A2:

=ROUNDUP(MONTH(A2)÷3,0)

Ah, yes, using categories and filters is a great way to organize your data. it doesn't work for every case, but it sounds like it's enough for you here.