How do I track a stolen iPhone using the box?

There's nothing about the box that will help you track it.

Log in to the Apple Account that you used on the iPhone at https://icloud.com/find to track it.

click here ➜ How to find your lost iPhone or iPad - Apple Support

That would be a huge privacy failure if you could track a device with the information from the box. Thankfully that is not possible. Could you imagine buying a phone from someone who kept the box to track your location?